Automobile and Car Essay

1. Jono Schneider †for offended party. 2. Jatinder S. Ubhoo †litigant 3. Sabatina N. Vassalli †for litigant 4. START TIME: 10:32 AM 1. hello 2.morning 1. do you review sorry whats your name.. 2. 1. 2.yes 1. do you recollect roughly what tiem the.. 2.no I don’t recollect that †¦ 1. 2. it was snowing 1. was there snow on the ground 2. truly 1. did the snow on the ground†¦ 2. not certain what youre attempting to say†¦ 1.and did it 2. 1. 2.yes 1. furthermore, were only you in the vehicle 2. truly 1. furthermore, where was your.. 2. I was going to meet a companion 1. 2. social. 1:31 1.and what was your companions name 2. do I need to reveal that 3. indeed 1. your legal counselor is here†¦. 2. 1. 2. I don't converse with him that much anymore†¦ 3. we will need to give it off/on †10:35 am 1.alright and I acknowledge that†¦ 3. that’s fine 1. What's more, where did ikbal like were you going.. 2. I was going to meet him .. 1. OK. What's more, that was simply to hang out 2. ya just to hang out in light of the fact that for me it was a borigng day I simply needed to go see my companion and that’s what I would go do. 1.and the impact happened†¦ 2. what is the day again†¦ 3. tuesday 1. 2. 1. what im inquiring as to whether you have an unmistakable memory that day†¦ 2. I don’t recollect. 1. thus you went out, to what extent did it take.. 2. my home is on mcveen and castlemore 1. 2. ya its nearby 1.probably not exactly.. 2. ya 1. what's more, in those 5 mins you were†¦ 2.yes 1. what's more, this is a vehicle that.. 2. indeed 1. are you mindful of †¦ 5:15 2. no 1. so there was nothing amiss with the breaks 2. no 1.nothing amiss with the tires 2. no 1. so as far as the .. 2.no. 1. what sort of the vehicle 2. it was a 2006 acura tl 1. so you’re driving along had you been on.. 2. that's right 1. what's more, 2. 1. 2. it was a red light from far and when I was moving toward it.. 1. furthermore, were there any vehicles on †¦ 2.there were cars†¦. 1. 2. go straight. 1. furthermore, as youre drawing nearer goreway and youre saying tht there were.. 2. truly 1. 2. no my path was unfilled I would have been the .. 1.and there wasn’t heavy traffic right now 2. no 1. 2.yes 1. what's more, those vehicles are halted at the †¦ 2. truly 1. what's more, your path isn't.. 2. theres another.. no it likewise turns right and for individuals.. 1. so you have the choice. 2. that's right 1.and as your drawing closer †¦ 2. indeed 1. the distance away from the convergence.. 2.i would state 75 yards 1. what's more, as far as possible on that road 2. I think its 70 1. what's more, this .. 2. no reason it was snowing 8:01 1. k you’re driving the†¦ 2. indeed 1.and youre about †¦ 2. I was driving more slow than as far as possible since it was snowing.. 1. I 2.i would say†¦ 1. 2. since ive seen the red lights†¦ ive effectively removed my .. 1. is it a programmed vehicle or.. 2. programmed 1. 2. no doubt 1. 2. at the point when I saw the I would state preceding the I don’t know the separation appropriately however .. 1. 2.straight ahead 1. so when did you actually†¦ 2. I began hindering I would state past the †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1. alright 2. at that point I hit the gas once more 1. furthermore, as youre seeing the red light in front of you are there any vehicles making †¦. 2. 1. 2. 1. the vehicles that are †¦. 2.no 1. furthermore, as your voyaging yet I think I asked you this before youre in the †¦. 3. he previously addressed that he said he didn’t know.. 1. 2. yah 1. have you at any point voyaged.. 2. indeed 1.do they have a propelled green.. 2. I wouldn’t realize that yet I don’t recall that since I never take a left hand turn on †¦ 1. 2.i moved there on November first 2007 1. so at the hour of the crash you’ve lived there for.. 2. indeed 1. as youre drawing nearer the .. 2. truly 1. what's more, do they .. 2. no 1.how come 2. since they see this vehicle coming and they needed to race to break 1. so the other.. 2.stop immediately in the†¦ 1. what's more, their .. 2. that's right 1. presently was there more than one vehicle that.. 2. truly two vehicles right behisde†¦ 1. 2. ya 1.and those vehicles were they .. 2. clearly they would stop†¦ 1. 2.ya ya I saw that 1. 2. I began breaking I began breaking hard I said theres something going on here and toward the end †¦. 14:06 1. alright. Furthermore, the rear of your vehicle did it.. 2. no 1. furthermore, did your abs breaks†¦ 2. truly 1.and was your car†¦ 2. no 1. furthermore, what part of different people vehicle.. 2.that I don’t recall any longer 1. did u escape the vehicle and see the .. 2. ya 1. where was the †¦ 2. I think its im not suer to the extent I can remember†¦ 1. also, im presuming†¦ 2. ya 1.and 2. 3.ya to be reasonable for him im not certain he knows 1. 3.ya I duno.. 1. I don’t need him to†¦.. 2.no 1. did you take any photos.. 2. I snapped a photo of my vehicle 1. 2. no 1. do you despite everything have a duplicate .. 2. no 1. 2. I just took it for my motivations in the event that something goes wrong 1. what did the image appear 2.it just shows my vehicles .. 1. 2. the guard has tumbled off the lights have been crushed 1. 2. im not certain any longer 1. 2. im not certain. 1.okay. 2. were bowed 1. okay. Also, this individual that was turning left†¦ 2.what do u mean 1. did u notice if the left had transforming vehicle had come into.. 2. no 1. what's more, those vehicles that were halted and begun to go into the crossing point did they.. 2. no 3. well I duno what do u need me to say†¦ 2. well in light of the fact that the vehicle †¦ 1.you said there was two.. 2. that's right 1. 2.they both left.. 1. shouldn't something be said about the other two.. 2. im not certain. 1. so they didn’t.. 2. no there was terrible climate frigid who might need to stay and.. 1. furthermore, did u call the police or †¦ 2. I accepted the police was †¦ 18:49 1. 2. that's right 1. also, did you inquire as to whether she†¦ 2.never got an opportunity 1. what's more, when you addressed the .. 2. she just began shouting at me what's happening with you 1. 2. what do u mean what am I doing attempting to make a left when u don’t have the left sign any longer 1. so your impression is†¦ 2. truly 1. 2. since clearly she wouldn’t 1. tune in 2. 1. that's right 2. furthermore, she was spared by being hit †¦ me then again my path was vacant I was coming I saw the red light I took my foot off the pedal eased back down †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1. so despite the fact that you saw only the break lights .. at which point†¦ 2. not certain in light of the fact that what got her was my vehicle slipping attempting to stop to spare her.. 1. was your vehicle previously slipping when that.. 2. you realize I saw her 1.okay when did u see her 2. I saw the vehicles their breaklights turn on took my foot their feet off the pedal again yet when I saw her again I put my foot on the break truly hard†¦ 3. when was the first occasion when you saw her .. 2. at the point when she was before me 1. so you had †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2.no no. 1. 2. I saw her that’s when I began breaking extremely hard 1. where was she 2. she would be on the left in the center of that crossing point . 1. what's more, the distance away from the crossing point were u 2. I don’t know 22:56 1.and how far.. 2. im not secure with that either 1. did u slide pass.. 2.not sure. 1. you know when you approach a †¦ 2. ya 1. 2. ya 1. do you recall h ow far back from that †¦. 2. I don’t recollect that any longer I don’t review that particular focuses any longer 1.and how quick were u going †¦ 2. not that quick no 1. well how quick did u.. 2.yes I did. 1. what's more, whe n u began easing back down†¦. 3. I think he previously addressed that I think it was the second †¦ 1. OK well im attempting to make sense of and I am sorry in the event that I asked you this effectively 2. easing back down ya 1. easing back down †¦ 2. indeed 1. what's more, you squeezed your .. 2. indeed 1.and starting there going ahead to the point that you †¦. 2. I cannot address that question since I wasn t even 1. alright 2.i wuld not speed in terrible climate like that since you know you†¦.because the 26:27 1. alright. Okay. After the mishap. The effect itself would u portray it as†¦ 2. medium 1. what's more, after the †¦ 2. indeed 1. 2. indeed 1. 2. she had a kid at the back 1. what's more, the kid was in the secondary lounge 2.yes 1. what's more, you disclosed to me that you †¦ 2. that’s all 1. how was the child 2. she was okay 1. furthermore, was the woman concenred about her youngster 27:29 2. im not certain im not certain how to answer that.. 1.well did .. 2. she moved toward me first 1. what's more, the vehicles are not moved from the crossing point 2.ya they were still in the center of.. 1. also, when the cop arrived.. 2. im not certain 1. did the police officers†¦ 2. again im not certain 1. 2. they didn’t arrive right aay†¦ 1.yep so would u be able to give me an estimate†¦ 2. 1. 2. 1.so effect happens and inside .. 2. don’t think about the planning .. 1. 2. no I never went back†¦. 1. im not discussing .. 2. I don’t recollect anyting like that 1.were you†¦ 2. no 1. what's more, did u feel any agony at the.. 2.no 1. so the mishap happens .. 2. that's right 1. btu youre not sure†¦ 2. I never let you know .. 1. sorry perhaps its my misstep regarding 2. that's right 1.so the effect happens 2. indeed 1. youre letting me know.. 2.yeah†¦ 1. 2. ya when the vehicle comes to.. 1. 2. I never approached her I approached the harm to perceive what the †¦ 1. 2. no that’s after not immediately.. 1.so youre taking a gander at 2. 3. simply mention to him what you rmember 1. ive not no issues with your answers I would tell u†¦ 2.i dotn recollect what I did I don’t recall what I did I could have gotten once again into my vehicle to plunk down to get some heat†¦. 1. did u call anybody with your PDA to reveal to them that ou had†¦ 2.no 1. what's more, when that †¦ 2. no when the police arrived I was outside without anyone else 1. furthermore, you hadn’t.. 2. no I talked with the toe truck driver he was ther

Dolphin Assisted Therapy Essay Research Paper Dolphin free essay sample

Dolphin Assisted Therapy Essay, Research Paper Dolphin helped treatment ( DAT ) is a very questionable subject in the clinical universe. Is it clinical claim to fame or just preoccupation? Whatever you may accept, you can non deny the way that mahimahis are adoring and sustaining warm blooded creatures with the capacity to demo sympathy. Alongside that capacity for empathy, some may guarantee that there is existent logical control, which demonstrates that associations with mahimahis have assisted with dealing with numerous patients. The majority of the patients in dolphin helped treatment are kids with chemical imbalance, Down # 8217 ; s disorder, discouragement, and other neurological and movement upsets. ( hypertext move convention:/www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9803/28/dolphin.therapy/index.html ) The hypothesis behind dolphin helped treatment depends on two precepts. One of these is that the unconditioned love and back up a mahimahi brings to the table can benefit kids and intellectually wiped out patients from numerous points of view. Likewise with most vitalize creatures, a mahimahi appears to hold human-like feelings, so a profound believing bond can create among patient and warm blooded animal. We will compose a custom paper test on Dolphin Assisted Therapy Essay Research Paper Dolphin or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page A few backers of mahimahi helped treatment guarantee that the empathy a dolphin show builds the patient? s confirmation, on the grounds that the patient is neer judged. Expanded confirmation can take to better cultural achievements and scholarly advancement. ( hypertext move convention:/www.ulst.ac.uk/daddy/dolphin.html ) The second bit of the hypothesis includes an increasingly logical assault. It includes reverberation sounding ( reverberation sounding: a piercing sound conveyed by the mahimahi that ricochets off an article and comes back to the goliath. The dolphin deciphers the returning resonation to discover the article? s structure, way, separation, and surface ) . ( hypertext move convention:/www.zoomdinasaurs.com/subjects/whales/glossary/Echolocation.shtml ) Some state that the mahimahis? use of reverberation sounder and reverberation sounding produce changes in the natural structure tissue and cell development of patients who partner with them. Others accept that sound moving edges transmitted by the mahimahis in imparting and reverberation sounding animate recuperating. ( hypertext move convention:/www.idw.org/healing.html ) A decreasing of nervousness and despondency, improved securing in crippled children, and harming mitigation are completely ascribed, by some exploration laborers, to do lphin reverberation sounding ( hypertext move convention:/www.interspecies.org/dolphin.human/research ) . Echolocation is other than thought to help increment going to range, create engine achievements, and grow better co-appointment in kids ( hypertext move convention:/www.ulst.ac.uk/daddy/dolphin.html ) . In spite of the fact that mahimahi helped treatment has numerous heroes, it other than has a major figure of pundits. They state dolphin supported treatment is a promoted marvel alongside a muscular expense. Dr. Bernard Rimland, supervisor of the Autism Research Institute in San Diego says, ? There is no logical grounds at all that using mahimahis is useful? . It? s a recreational thing. ? Michael Westerveld, a pediatirc neuropsychologist at Yale University? s School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut, said? On the off chance that there is any achievement, I? d be almost certain slanted to ascribe it to the general impacts of? . the opportunity to collaborate with quicken creatures. You could buy them a little dog and see similar outcomes. ? Other than there has been tiny examination done about mahimahi helped treatment, which other than makes clinical doctors uncertain. ( hypertext move convention:/elfi.com/csi98207.html ) The other activity with mahimahi helped treatment, some case, is that it is a signifier of cruel treatment to vivify creatures. They state that keep up ing a mahimahi in detainment just in light of the fact that we accept there is some wonder solution for inabilities, when there is no existent pertinent proof, is unseemly. ( hypertext move convention:/elfi.com/csi98207.html ) A few example surveies show the announcements for mahimahi helped treatment. In one occurrence, a 15 twelvemonth old miss named Tracy, all the time bound in a mental ward for gravely upset fledglings, was discovered lying on the sea shore at Eilat, Israel. Her pess were bleeding and cut from the fresh coral reefs. She guaranteed that she was at that place since she had gotten clairvoyant messages from her outsider cousins, the mahimahis. She was offered customary dish to with mahimahis, come oning from helping with their eating to possible free swims with the dolphin cod. She appeared to be quickly to hang on the reason for this assault, and concurred. She right away settled a truly cozy relationship with one of the mahimahis, Dickey, who was other than a youngster, and was especially antiphonal to her offers. They built up a solid obligation of amicable relationship. Despite the fact that her conduct had ever been viewed as unusual, she figured out how to do positive parts to life a t the reef. At the point when she was permitted everyday swims with the mahimahis, she and Dickey played and swam like cozy companions. At long last Tracy had discovered a topographic point to have a place in the reef network at Eliat. Another fascinating case included a medically introverted eight-year old miss, who was brought to the reef from a cantonment for kids carried at that work environment with the mahimahis. In contrast to the others, she was too much reluctant to swim in the loosened Waterss of the reef. Her mediations were done in the more limited nation of a stage glide in the dolphin pool. She was permitted to take care of the mahimahis by fliping bits of herring into the mahimahi? s oral pit. She was useful and unagitated each piece long as no H2O was sprinkled ; she got insane when sprinkled. Despite the fact that less her mediation was less effective so others, she figured out how to swear the mahimahis lastly had the option to swim with them. Supporters of mahimahi helped treatment disclosure ground-breaking support for their place in these occasion surveies. Profoundly upset children appear to create more prominent affirmation and improved cultural achievements. The pundits of mahimahi helped treatment bring up that there is no logical pertinent proof of the effectivity of this signifier of treatment. Also, keeping up wild creatures in detainment for an unproved goal denies them a significant segment of their regular being in the detached oceans, with their ain sort. ( hypertext move convention:/www.positivehealth.com/grant/Articles/Animals/wolgro38.htm ) BIBLIOGRAPHYDolphin treatment: preoccupation or clinical claim to fame? . Walk 28, 2000. November 27, 2000. hypertext move convention:/www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9803/28/dolphin.therapy/index.htmlDavid A ; Diane Heyburn. Dolphin Assisted Therapy. November 27, 2000. hypertext move convention:/www.ulst.ac.uk/father/dolphin.htmlEcholocation. 1996-200. November 27, 2000 hypertext move convention:/www.zoomdinasaurs.com/subjects/whales/glossary/Echolocation.shtmlInternational Dolphin Watch: Introduction. 1999. November 27, 2000. hypertext move convention:/www.idw.org/healing.htmlResearch. November 27, 2000. hypertext move convention:/www.interspecies.org/dolphin.human/researchInternational Dolphin Watch: Introduction. 1999. November 27, 2000. hypertext move convention:/www.positivehealth.com/grant/Articles/Animals/wolgro38.htmWilliam Rossiter. Shouldn't something be said about Dolphin Assisted Therapy? . April 1998. November 27, 2000. hypertext move convention:/elfi.com/csi98207.html 338

Criminal Procedure for Fiduciary or Confidential Relationship

Question: Examine about theCriminal Procedure for Fiduciary or Confidential Relationship. Answer: By and large, a legal advisor and customer keep up a trustee or secret connection between one another as expressed in choice of Descteaux v. Mierzwinski [1982] 1 SCR 860 where the Court perceive the correspondence of customer and specialist as secret and major right. Anyway the reaction to the issue manages an exemption of the benefit of specialist customer that is (1) Where nature of legitimate direction isn't sought after; (2) Where no aims to make any classified correspondence; (3) Communication is in nature of encouraging any ill-conceived direct of customer (Lefstein, 2007). The essential object of the benefit correspondence is to construct a security zone so as to save classification without accusatorial interfering in suit and without misery of early revelation of favored correspondence. On the side of reaction to the issue, the court will undoubtedly keep up the favored correspondence in any conditions (Griffiths, 2014). The general standard of segment 4(3) of the Canada Evidence Act express that that no life partner correspondence can be obliged to affirm in any criminal issue as governed under R. v. Schell (2004), 188 C.C.C. (3d) 254, 20 C.R. (sixth) 1 (Alta. C.A.)., where the Court held that spousal favored correspondence manages an imperative guideline of the insurance of conjugal amicability. It is a crucial rule that no spousal special correspondence is ensured by the court except if it is proclaimed or declared. Such spousal favored correspondence totally relies upon the declaration of the mate. So as to build up the rule of the spousal special, the advocate of companion needs to announce a privilege of spousal resistance and must recognize the extent of spousal tribute advantaged and spousal benefit. (Posner, 2008) The accompanying discussion are secured in spousal favored are The correspondence either as oralorwritten. Thecommunicationmustbein nature ofaconfidentialcharacter. Any correspondence uncovers any criminal obligation over a life partner. Thecommunicationmustcreateina permanentassurancethatitneverbedisclosed to some other (Martin, 2001). Source favored has been begun by the main instance of nineteenth century Marks v Beyfus (1890), 25 QBD 494. The case manages a noteworthy factor to secure the source since witness assumes an imperative job in the insurance of material confirmations during examination. The decisions were that witness is ordered under uncommon standards of class benefit where supreme insurance is given to the source. Indeed, even the court can't practice its optional capacity to forgo the security to source benefit (Haig, Raikes MacMillan, 2014). The particular class of benefit is given to police witness. The police witness assumes an imperative job in covering the significant sources or data or systems of the police and furthermore gives help to police in any examination procedure of the case. The court looks at the lawful application on account of R. v. Named Person B, 2013 SCC 9 to secure the police witness so as to guarantee the classification in any official issues. The court considers the view that police source esteemed to be a concealed specialist of the police who eventually work in enthusiasm of open. The two different ways by which Crown Prosecutor can summon source benefit are The crown examiner can conjure the utilization of segment 37 of theCanada Evidence Act. The case R v Meuckon (1990), 57 CCC (3d) 193 (BCCA) states that affirmation can be by and by guaranteed by the investigator. The intrigue of exoneration can be mentioned by the crown investigator by declaring the court that contrary guidance doesn't bolster the decisions and it doesn't give any material confirmations to the case. In the event that the divulgence isn't plausible, at that point in such condition the crown is accessible with a choice to remain the court procedures under section579of theCriminal Codeon a ground of an unexceptional situation made out for a situation where the equity can be safeguarded and kept up for source benefits. Such alternative benefited the chance to re start the prosecution in future. The main special case to witness benefit is that Innocence at Stake. The exemption allows the break of favored on a factor raise on sensible uncertainty. Under this special case, the source benefit and specialist and customer advantaged are not annoyed by any break in a favored correspondence. The exemption to honesty in question indicated if there should arise an occurrence of R v. Leipert (Gillers, 2014). References Gillers, S. (2014).Regulation of Lawyers: Problems of Law and Ethics. Wolters Kluwer Law Business. Lefstein, N. (2007). The Criminal Defendant Who Proposes Perjury: Rethinking the Defense Lawyer's Dilemma.Hofstra L. Rev.,6, 665. Griffiths, C. (2014).Canadian Criminal Justice: A Primer, 5e(Vol. 5). Nelson Education. Posner, R. A. (2008). Security, reconnaissance, and law.The University of Chicago Law Review,75(1), 245-260. Haig, J., Raikes, G., MacMillan, V. (2014).Cites sources: An APA documentation manage. Nelson Education. Martin, D. L. (2001). Exercises about equity from the research facility of improper feelings: Tunnel vision, the development of blame and witness evidence.UMKC L. Rev.,70, 847.

Types Of Derivatives And Derivative Market â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Talk About The Types Of Derivatives And Derivative Market? Answer: Introducation Withdrawable edge account sum is a sum that surpasses the underlying edge. For this situation, an expansion in $1 later on cost will prompt an addition of $1000. Hence, for an expansion of $2, the increase will be $2,000 which can be pulled back. The present future cost is $60 suggesting that the future cost will be (60+2) = $62. In this manner, the right answer is B what's more, [1] Where, U is the current estimation of the absolute stockpiling costs, T is the time,the spot value, r is the hazard free rate with ceaseless aggravating and the future value today. Around, the right answer is C Forward rate= Long haul LIBOR=4% Long haul period=1 year Present moment LIBOR=3.75% Present moment period=9 months= Agreement period=3months= Subbing the qualities in the above condition, Forward rate= The right answer is C A Future agreement alludes to a normalized agreement for the most part exchanged trade. Fates dont convey any acknowledge hazard as the clearinghouse fills in as the third party(counter-party) to the two gatherings engaged with the agreement. In addition, the credit presentation in the prospects contract is decreased by set apart to-advertise every day measures. Then again, a forward agreement is an understanding between two gatherings where settlement happens over-the-counter. They are settled at the hour of conveyance, and accordingly, high credit hazard is figured it out. The credit introduction ever-increments since the addition or misfortune is just felt during the settlement time. Concerning the exchange volume, a forward agreement advertise is customized dependent on the dealers necessities. Over-the-counter exchange through a counter-party arrange that is adaptable to bigger sizes instead of trading exchanged stocks which show brought together exchange.[2] Therefore, over the counter market and forward agreement have the more noteworthy volume and higher hazard separately. The right answer is B An upward slanting zero bend has a lower one year pay yield than the one year zero rate. Also, the forward rate coordinating the period somewhere in the range of 1 and 1.50 is higher than its comparing one-year zero rate. In this manner, the right answer is A With ceaseless aggravating, the rates are as appeared For a zero pace of 4% and development time of a half year, R= For a zero pace of 4.5% and T=6 months, R= For a zero pace of 4% and development time of a half year, R= For a zero pace of 4% and development time of a half year, R= The zero-rate comparing to 2-year time frame is 5%=0.05 is the present list esteem, r is the hazard free rate with ceaseless aggravating, q is the chronicled profit yield, T the time, and the future agreement cost. An exchange benefit happens when . In this way, there will be an exchange benefit of in light of the fact that the future cost is excessively high comparative with the present file. Subsequently, the organization should take short agreements. As far as the prospects contract, it needs to take a long situation in References Srishti. Sorts of Derivatives and Derivative Market. IPleaders. Last adjusted February 1, 2012. https://blog.ipleaders.in/kinds of-subsidiaries and-subsidiary market/. Money related Derivatives. InAn Introduction to the Mathematics of Financial Derivatives, 2013ed. [s.l.]: Academic Press Inc, 2013. [1]. Money related Derivatives, inAn Introduction to the Mathematics of Financial Derivatives([s.l.]: Academic Press Inc, 2013),xx. [2]. Srishti , Kinds of Derivatives and Derivative Market, IPleaders, last changed February 1, 2012, https://blog.ipleaders.in/sorts of-subordinates and-subsidiary market/.

Contextual studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Logical examinations - Essay Example Human ability, mentality and creative mind, are basic factors in the characterizing works of human creation, comprehensive of the part of ornamentation. Trilling (1991), gives an amazing assortment of trimming (work of art), characterizing mankind's history; from the Paleolithic time, to the present; subsequently empowering human appreciation. The peruser or crowd is in this way energetic about both the verifiable significance, and the intrinsic stylish estimation of human design and decoration (85). Despite the fact that the overarching innovator accentuation, on the unadorned fine art, pushed workmanship ornamentation to the very edges of the West’s taste and inclination during the twentieth Century, a restoration of the equivalent is in progress. This might be educated by the pith of human gratefulness for workmanship as far as tasteful magnificence, decoration, legacy and usefulness (Trilling, 1991:88). The chose creators are basic to the assessment and comprehension of adornment utility (ornamentation), concerning engineering and plan. Their importance is gotten from achieved work, information assortment and research did. These select writers incorporate James Trilling, Pevsner, Read and Worringer, among others. There will be an advancement of the theory, defined around the contention that trimming use is a right, and not a wrongdoing. This will involve a conversation of the upsides and downsides of the contention, through the postulation articulation, which will be scrutinized as a direct opposite. Following will be a blend of discoveries, to be indisputably finished in an intelligent way. A list of sources, will gather together the work, putting together it with respect to one side of trimming use in engineering, and human plan. A discussion exists, with respect to whether adornment is a right, or a wrongdoing. It is the goal of this paper, to additionally give verification, of adornment as a right; concerning engineering and plan. This is from the past times to the present, showing different models

This Day, the Year I Applied

This Day, the Year I Applied November 20, 2013. Precisely 23 days until my first application decision. 22 days after the first application submission. 40 days until the next application deadline. 2 years ago. Back then, those numbers mattered. Friday, December 13, Early Action decision day, was to be “the day my life will never be the same.” The prospect sent me into shivers and made the room burn. Whatever manifestations of worry there are, I felt them. From sudden cold rushes at the thought that I’d only taken X number of APs to the warm spreading feeling of “but I’ve taken X number of APs” (I didn’t actually think that last one, but the juxtaposition holds). And you know what I think about that now? I don’t. And what I regret? Defining my senior year by the future of college. I can’t tell my past self to stop worrying. Nor should I. Worry was inspiration. It’s why I began my essays early and ended editing them late. Why I inspected every bit of my inner self for flaws and merits. Why, on December 13, I had to stop myself from trembling with the thought that I’ll get by no matter what the message in the email said. And I wasn’t lying when I thought that. I’d probably go to a local state school and maybe apply for transfer in the spring. I’d have a plethora of extracurriculars. I wouldn’t get freaked out about classwork. I’d have class at 9 am and I’d have to go to bed early. This is all pure speculation, of course. But in the alternative vision, Im happy too. Happier? Possibly. In this Universe, I can’t tell. Sometimes I return to that vision. It’s enticing. Not abysmal, as it seemed two years ago. I was very wrong about it then. I was mistaken also to think that college, particularly which college, defines the future. Now it feels like a hateful thought. I’d go back and punch myself into a proper senior existence if I could. Tell myself what I actually want to remember from that November. Talk of all the miserable and joyful days at MIT. Ultimately, they average out into happiness. And that would’ve been the case no matter where I’d gone. Two years ago, my college essay was a letter to the future, to be read in five years. But here’s what I want to remind the November 2013 past: Remember your social studies elective, Plains Indians? Where you got an F on the fire-building assignment? It felt silly and enlightening then to recognize that twelve years of school did not prepare you for a basic survival skill. Your group was the only one who failed. And another class day, you and your classmates lay in the woods for an hour, meditating in a special way. You watched a spider scurry gracefully over the autumn leaves and avoid your hand. You fell asleep on the foliage. You never wanted class to end. After every Plains Indians class came the American Dream class. It was a very different course. You read books with lengthy descriptions of the prairie. You discussed local culture. You learned about the American Dream, became uncomfortably aware of white picket fences. Langston Hughes’ “Harlem” was your favorite poem (“What happens to a dream deferred?”). Then there was College Composition. The schools cultural phenomenon. A class all seniors expected and feared. You even fear it in 2015 somewhat because the ten College Comp rules still haunt you in your writing. You can’t break them without a guilty conscience. Just can’t. College Comp was also the class for which you had to meet all the new students. Talk to the freshmen and transfers, learn their names. At the end of the semester, there was a quiz on that. It meant nothing on the larger grading scheme, but to you and your classmates it was a huge assignment. You all remembered being freshmen. The support and friendship of high school seniors was  super cool. Because you went to an alternative school, you also got to teach a class, Joy of Mathematics. So much fun it was! The grandest moment of your senior existence was on the day your supervising teacher took out his newest projector/camera and you went into the school’s central space, rolled a piano to the middle, and projected the keyboard onto the giant wall. Then you and your students learned the math of music. And everyone got a chance to project their hands up above. Life outside of class was beautiful too. After peer-review sessions in College Comp, you solidified senior friendships, and you wrote surprise letters to each other (you still do). You escaped school (legally) during lunch to go to Wendy’s. You had a senior bonfire where the director gave a speech that made you cry. You went on a senior retreat to a camp on top of a hill and at night the woods around were spooky and fabulous. Below the hills was toxic waste. So you ventured to the top instead and trembled at the creaking trees. Then you and your classmates shared your favorite songs in a cozy cabin with warm pizza. On that night, you all realized you couldn’t figure out life.   I’ve lost track of those memories after blog posts about college and college applications. I lost precious moments during senior year as well when worry erased the important bits of the day. The admission process seems like a lame evil now. It was important once, but I greatly exaggerated its value then. In the spring, while I fretted over the right button to press, some of my classmates spoke excitedly about following their vocational dreams or taking a gap year on foreign soil. I don’t want to be the person with the button anymore. On the blogs, we often talk about applying, and choosing, and submitting, and preparing. But if you’re a senior right now, that’s not what ought to matter. Do not apply to MIT because your life goal is to go to MIT. Apply because you enjoy something, even if that something is ephemeral and vague, and MIT is on  a path to it. Not the only path. Not even the definitive path. I’ve gotten several emails this semester asking me, “Should I apply to MIT if…?” I’m not an expert in this matter, nor can I pretend to be (trust me, I have approximately 0-1% of my life figured out). But If I had to answer that question, I’d consider what I want beyond the application. Ask yourself, why do you want to apply? Are you ready for either application decision? A yes can be heavy also. There is no formula to predict the outcome (this one coming from an expert, here). If MIT is a relevant step on the path towards your dreams, go for the application. No harm will come. In the meantime, don’t think about your year in terms of buttons and short responses and numbered lines. The grocery store aisles are colored festive. There’s limited edition egg nog and pumpkin spice. You’re in the final days of autumn. The final months of seeing all your high school friends together. Two years later, what will you remember? P.S.: Thank you, Lydia, for the awesome blog prompt!

Prepping Strategically 5 Types of Questions Every Student Should Prepare for on the Verbal SAT

The SAT’s multiple sections and wide range of topics can feel overwhelming, but don’t panic: the SAT tests some concepts over and over (and over!) Master the five types of questions below, and you’ll have mastered much of the verbal side of the test. Citation questions. Citation questions usually form pairs: one ordinary-looking question, and then something like this: Citation questions built into the SAT’s subscore system, so expect two per passage in the Reading section. Add in the base questions and that’s 18-20 citation-related questions per section. Mastering them really pays off! Need help? Check out our quick guide to citation questions. Vocabulary in context. These Reading section questions are always phrased in the same way: â€Å"As used in line 27, ‘particular’ most nearly means,† typically followed by a list of one-word answers. Contextualize carefully and you’ll pick up one to two questions per passage.    Punctuation. Punctuation is by far the most commonly tested grammatical topic on the Writing and Language section. Set up a flashcard app on your phone and drill punctuation daily for just 5 minutes, and soon you’ll have mastered a big chunk of the test. Transitions. Some transition questions test individual words: do you need a â€Å"however† here, or is this more of a â€Å"furthermore† situation? Others test transitional sentences or phrases. Overall, they show up about twice per passage on the Writing and Language section, so they’re worth careful attention. Graphics. You’ll typically see 2 graphics on each Reading section and 1-2 on Writing and Language, usually with multiple questions per graphic. That’s a lot of points up for grabs! Check out our graphics tips and tricks and learn the first thing you should check.

Nathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown Essay - 1449 Words

â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† is a short story that is filled with symbols and mystery. Nathaniel Hawthorne provides plenty forms of symbolism for readers to digest. Hawthorne displays strong faith as the greatest virtue for a man or woman, and when the faith is compromised, one can be filled with skepticism and uncertainty towards the rest of the world. The story begins as a conventional allegory, creating the expectation that the characters will be able to consistently display the abstractions they symbolize. If Hawthorne intends Brown to be a pathological case, the intention is not clearly set in the early stages. The problem of man’s journey into the mystery of evil is presented in the broadest possible terms. Faith Brown, the wife of three months, is simply â€Å"Faith†, and Goodman Brown is everyman. The bargain he has struck with Satan is a universal one, reinforced by such signs of innocence. Brown convinces himself that he can turn away from his covenant and the assurances he offers himself are of good intentions. Initially, Brown is a naà ¯ve and immature young man who fails to understand the gravity of the step he has taken. Brown s immaturity are succeeded by a presumably adult determination to resist his own evil impulses. His continuing willingness to join the community of sinners coexists with a reaction against that willingness. As the task of turning back becomes increasingly difficult, confronting him with one frustration after another, his struggle takes on heroicShow MoreRelatedNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown1543 Words   |  7 PagesIn Nathaniel Hawthorne s short story of Young Goodman Brown, the author uses symbolism and allegories in order to showcase the Puritan faith as well as man s conflict between good and evil. This analysis will break down the techniques that the author uses to critique the puritan society and to show the difference between how people appear to be in society and the true colors that they are hidden inside of them. There has been a lot of great authors in our time, but none more interesting thanRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown1065 Words   |  5 PagesWhen it comes to the topic of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown, most of us will readily agree that duplicity is a major theme in the piece, or the idea of different versions of reality. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of whether Hawthorne is implying that man is inherently evil. Whereas some are convinced that Young Goodman Brown was good until tainted by the Devil, others maintain that he was evil from the beginning and was completely aware of the evil heRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown905 Words   |  4 PagesThough Nathaniel Hawthorne is an author of many great works, his short story â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† still stays relevant because it has themes and subjects that are relatable in today s world. In the story â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† Good man Brown leaves his wife Faith, to go into the woods near Salem to have a meeting with the devil. Appearance vs. reality is shown in â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† through the plot, the character of Goody Cloyse, and the symbol of the maple staff. The characterRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown1312 Words   |  6 PagesWithin Nathaniel Hawthorne s short story Young Goodman Brown (p.317), Young Goodman Brown travels through a dark and mysterious forest late at night. Ignoring the pleas of his pure wife Faith, he ventures deep into the woods with many dangers around him, only to emerge in the morning a changed man with bewildered views on his own Puritan life and the Puritan community around him. At the cause for this change in mindset, the dream of an old man symbolizing the devil appears, showing him the communityRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown Essay1274 Words   |  6 PagesIn Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† the devil says, â€Å"Evil is the nature of mankind† (â€Å"Young† 627). Since Adam and Eve ate the forbidden fruit and attempted to hide conceal their sin from God, humans have tried to hide their sin from others. Although ever yone sin is human nature, everyone has a different reaction to sin. While some acknowledge sin, others ignore it. In Hawthorne’s other short story, â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil,† Father Hooper wears a black veil to represent the sin heRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown1695 Words   |  7 Pagesstory, Young Goodman Brown, by Nathaniel Hawthorne is set in Puritan New England. Hawthorne uses symbolism, description, scenery, and Goodman’s journey to illustrate and symbolize the battle of good versus evil. In the first scene, we see how Young Goodman Brown leaves his wife, Faith, to start on his â€Å"evil† journey through the woods. Though Faith asks him to stay with her, he chooses to continue on even though he knows the evilness lies ahead. As the story continues, we see how Hawthorne uses FaithRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown1492 Words   |  6 PagesIn Nathaniel Hawthorne’s short story of Young Goodman Brown, the author uses symbolism and allegories in order to showcase the Puritan faith as well as man’s conflict between good and evil. This analysis will breakdown the techniques that the author uses to critique the puritan society, and to show the difference between how people appear to be in society and the true colors that they are hidden inside of them. There has been a lot of great authors in our time, but none more interesting than NathanielRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown2532 Words   |  11 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne’s short story, â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† demonstrates how Goodman Brown leaves his wife, Faith, to do an errand within the woods with a man that is believed to be the devil. During the time period in which this took place, the 1620’s, many of the people from the village were practicing Puritanism. Puritanism is an intense practice of religion retrieved from Protestants, only removing its Catholic influence. When Goodman Brown entered the woods to meet the devil, he soon turned intoRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown894 Words   |  4 Pagesread. In â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†, I found several romanticism characteristics to be in this story. One being, the emphasis on feelings and emotions. Nathaniel Hawthorne writes, â€Å"The cry of grief, rage, and terror was yet piercing through the night, when the unhappy husband held his breath for a response.† The cry of anguish and pain are very applicable to the protagonist idea in this story. Brown also expresses feeling when he doesn t want to leave his wife Faith, but he feels that it s his role toRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown1975 Words   |  8 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne, is the author of the short story â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† that was written in 1835 (Baym 370). Hawthorne was born in Salem Massachusetts on July 4th, 1804. Hawthorne’s ancestors were of the Puritan descent, and among the first settlers of Massachusetts (Baym 370). During his teen years, Hawthorne was reading stories by British novelists Henry Fielding, Tobias S mollet, and Sir Walter Scott. When he was sixteen he wrote his sister of wanting to become an author and relying of support

Qualitative Research Is Good At Simplifying And Managing...

Qualitative research is good at simplifying and managing data without destroying complexity and context. Qualitative methods are highly appropriate for questions where preemptive reduction of the data will prevent discovery. If the purpose is to learn from the participants in a setting or a process the way they experience it, the meanings they put on it, and how they interpret what they experience, the researcher needs methods that will allow for discovery and do justice to their perceptions and the complexity of their interpretations. Qualitative methods have in common the goal of generating new ways of seeing existing data. If the purpose is to construct a theory or a theoretical framework that reflects reality rather than the researchers own perspective or prior research results, one may need methods that assist the discovery of theory in data. If the purpose is to understand phenomena deeply and in detail, the researcher needs methods for discovery of central themes and analysis of core concerns. Each of these suggestions has a flip side. If one knows what is being hypothesized and what they are likely to find, if one do not need to know the complexity of others’ understandings, if one is testing prior theory rather than constructing new frameworks, or if one is simply describing a situation rather than deeply analyzing it, it is possible that one should not be working qualitatively. Perhaps the research question that one is tackling with in-depth interviews would beShow MoreRelatedChange Management49917 Words   |  200 Pagesalteration which occurs in the overall work environment of an organization. When an organizational system is disturbed by some internal or external force, the change may occur. The change is modification of the structure or process of a system, that may be good or even bad. It disturbs the existing equilibrium or status quo in an organization. The change in any part of the organization may affect the whole of the organization, or various other parts of organization in varying degrees of speed and significanceRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesreserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without prior written permission of the publisher. This McGraw−Hill Primis text may include materials submitted to McGraw−Hill for publication by the instructor of this course. The instructor is solely responsible for the editorial content of such materialsRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesSetting a cost and time baseline schedule (1.3.5) [8.1.3] 6.5.2.3 Critical chain method Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Reducing Project Duration Leadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Read MoreAccounting Information System Chapter 1137115 Words   |  549 Pagesto challenge the group’s answers, provide alternative answers, and chip in with additional answers not provided by the selected group. Since the group that presents is not selected until after the time has expired, students are motivated to do a good job, as they will be presenting to their peers. The value of this activity is not in arriving at a â€Å"right answer† as there are many right answers and student answers will vary. Instead, it is in thinking through the issues presented in Table 1-2 Read MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesDesigns and Patents Act 1988 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright holder except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, EnglandRead MoreInnovators Dna84615 Words   |  339 Pagestransmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), without the prior permission of the publisher. 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Sicilian Phrasebook Greetings, Time, and Travel

Workplace Culture - 8726 Words

HR articles: Workplace culture Workplace culture is often hard to describe, because it means something different in every organisation and many times employees feel it’s ‘just the way things are’. But so often it can define a company and when it’s not working well, everyone knows about it. Below are some blog posts on what culture in the workplace is and how to positively cultivate it throughout your business. The happier an employee is at work, the more productive they are. It’s never too late to make improvements. Culture: Your Environment for People at Work Susan M. Heathfield Human Resources Guide What Is Organizational Culture? People in every workplace talk about organizational culture, that mysterious word that characterizes a work†¦show more content†¦* Sub-cultures Form Through Rewards.. Employees have many different wants and needs. Sometimes employees value rewards that are not associated with the behaviors desired by managers for the overall company. This is often how subcultures are formed, as people get social rewards from coworkers or have their most important needs met in their departments or project teams. * ï‚ · People Shape the Culture. Personalities and experiences of employees create the culture of an organization. For example, if most of the people in an organization are very outgoing, the culture is likely to be open and sociable. If many artifacts depicting the company’s history and values are in evidence throughout the company, people value their history and culture. If doors are open, and few closed door meetings are held, the culture is unguarded. If negativity abou t supervision and the company is widespread and complained about by employees, a culture of negativity, that is difficult to overcome, will take hold. * ï‚ · Culture is Negotiated. One person cannot create a culture alone. Employees must try to change the direction, the work environment, the way work is performed, or the manner in which decisions are made within the general norms of the workplace. Culture change is a process of give and take by all members of an organization. Formalizing strategic direction, systems development, and establishing measurements must be owned by the group responsibleShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Culture At The Workplace1749 Words   |  7 PagesOrganizations as culture are able to create a vision for leaders to use in order to guide organizational objectives. It can also provide a perspective so followers can measure their leader’s performance in achieving the vision. Organizational culture can determine the way employees interact at the w orkplace and helps guide and give them a sense of direction at the workplace. Through observing Foundation, the following provide examples to demonstrate how Foundation is operating within the culture metaphor:Read MoreCorporate Culture And Its Impact On The Workplace881 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate culture is refers to as the beliefs and behaviors that determine how a company employees and management interact and handle outside business transactions. It s the attitudes, standards, and beliefs that characterize members of an organization and which defines its nature. Corporate culture by definition affects a firm s operations as information is passed from management downward and outward, through the organization. it is also stated that, a healthy company culture may increase employeesRead MoreDifference Between Culture And The Workplace1842 Words   |  8 Pagesthe communities share a common background they most likely have a different perspective about certain situations than their peers. Culture is defined in countless ways and can be viewed differently in the workplace, in a family, or at a restaurant. Different generations may inherit the same culture from their organizations and an organization may have a certain culture that they practice. Sometimes this can lead to conflict and many disagreements being that everyone has their own opinion and beliefsRead MoreOrganizational Culture : A Diverse And Inclusive Workplace926 Words   |  4 Pagesachievements. Entergy is a very large company who has its own unique culture that strives to be diverse and inclusive. This paper will talk about Entergy’s culture, how change effects that culture, how members are brought in and socialized, and how the spirit of our Lord is integrated. Entergy’s culture â€Å"Organizational culture is the pervasive system of values, beliefs, and norms that exist in any organizations. The organizational culture can encourage or discourage effectiveness depending on the natureRead MoreAnalysis Of Aetna s Workplace Culture930 Words   |  4 PagesCulture Aetna’s workplace culture stands as a model to other organizations, regardless if they are an insurance company or not. The CEO’s mantra on having a successful workplace simply states â€Å"let’s invest in our people† (Aetna CEO: Let’s, 2015). Bertolini himself was no stranger to struggle in his personal life, having his son beat an incurable cancer as well as he himself getting into a skiing accident where he was given his last rites (O’Donnell, 2015). Having gone through these life alteringRead MoreCorporate Culture And Diversity At The Global Workplace1145 Words   |  5 PagesCorporate Culture Diversity in the Global Workplace Corporate culture is an intricate component of an organizations identity. Fortune 500 corporations have used corporate culture as a trademark. Apple Computers, a leading technology corporation, leverages its brand by promoting connectivity between all Apple devices. Walmart Corporation requires all associates to dress in dark blue shirts and beige slacks. This document will discuss cultural assessment tools used in assessing organizational cultureRead MoreThe Organizational Culture On Workplace Productivity And The Overall Impact On The Organization1500 Words   |  6 Pagesleadership team, with the purpose of developing culturally appropriate groups to carry out the expansion goals in these markets. In order to develop a successful global team, I must scrutinize the organizational culture, the necessary leadership style, the impact of the group’s culture on workplace productivity, and the overall impact on the organization itself. Cultural Assessment Since the expansion effort includes several different cultural norms, the leadership team must both recognize these uniqueRead MoreHow Culture Influenced The Values Rooted Within The Workplace1872 Words   |  8 PagesOxford Dictionary, culture is defined as â€Å"the customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people or other social group (Oxford, 2016).† With the rise of multiculturalism and diversity across many nations, understanding and practicing cultural etiquette within the business arena has never been of greater importance. Geert Hofstede, a well known leader in intercultural research and studies, conducted a comprehensive study in which he analyzed how culture influenced theRead MoreWhat Impact Does A Negative Personality Have On Workplace Culture?847 Words   |  4 PagesMy research question focuses on workplace culture. â€Å"What impact does a negative personality have on workplace culture, and how does it affect the other peop le working in the effected environment?† My hypothesis is that negative personalities destroy workplaces and leave employers with a high turnover rate as well as many unhappy workers. However, my follow up question is, â€Å"is there a way to fix negative personalities in the workplace?† My paper answers these questions using strong research evidenceRead MorePositive Workplace Culture974 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the most important things that can be done to create a more positive workplace culture in the work environment is to build trust. Building trust requires you to do what you say you are going to do. Being yourself, ‘walking the talk’. To be reliable, responsible and accountable all assist in creating a trusting environment. Staff members need to understand that you are a person of your word. Building trust takes a long time, if your words dont match your behaviours trust will be easily lost

Beauty Pageants Free Essays

Children’s beauty pageants have been around for a long time. Toddlers and Tiaras is a show, based on mothers living their dream lives through their children. The mothers dress their young girls as if they are grown models. We will write a custom essay sample on Beauty Pageants or any similar topic only for you Order Now My out look on the whole situation is that little 5 year old girls, should not be competing in beauty pagents. Fake teeth, tans, eye lashes, and hair make these children look as though they are in their teens. No child should have to compete in looking â€Å"beautiful† or â€Å"the best†. Children their ages should be happy and not care what people think. Most children in their age groups are playing outside, not caring what their hair and makeup looks like. They are little girls, not teenagers. The parents of these little girls expect more from these children then they should. The outer beauty of these girls, seems more important than inner. I don’t agree with the way these children are being raised, but it’s the parents who choose to do this to their children. As for these children, as they grow up they will be held high above everyone and will not understand what it’s like to work for things. One of the arguments against children’s beauty pageants has to do with pedophilia and that this may encourage that. What I’m most concerned about is the message that it sends to girls and the unhealthy relationships that it perpetuates between parent and child. The worst part of the whole situation is that the children are going on stage dancing provocatively and â€Å"flirting† with the judges. As young as these children are they should not even know how to dance or â€Å"flirt† like they do. While I don’t believe that it encourages pedophilia, it certainly will give that child a warped sense of the importance of female sexuality. Throughout the show there are many pageants distributed, but the ones that I’ve seen on the shows are the â€Å"Glitz† pageants. During the â€Å"Glitz† pageants the girls are expected to have spray tans, pounds of makeup, flippers; fake teeth, and fake hair. Its one thing to apply some lip gloss and a few hot rollers. It’s another to make a 5 year old resemble a Vegas show girl. If there is going to be a pageant for children that involves beauty, at least it should involve the child’s natural beauty and features. One of the arguments for pageants is that it promotes self confidence and that the children have fun doing it. As this may be true, the children are being taught at a very young age that it is okay to dress, dance and act inappropriate to get attention. The only thing these pageants are teaching children is that wearing pounds of makeup, and looking like a Barbie doll, is okay. As these children grow, they will hold themselves above everyone, and will expect everyone to treat them as if they are perfect. How to cite Beauty Pageants, Essay examples

Corporate Accounting Impairment Business Loss

Question: Describe about the Corporate Accounting for Impairment Business Loss. Answer: Part A Impairment Loss and its disclosures The accounting object, that includes both the profitable and non-profitable organizations, has ownerships of different types of assets. Categorization of these assets can be done in different modules. Current assets are those that are created and used by the firm for daily operations. Assets that can be used for several financial years are known as fixed assets (AASB 2012). Several firm own various types of assets that are either acquired or popularly distributed among clients such as brand and goodwill. These assets are mainly intellectual properties such as copyrights, patents and trademarks. But these assets are not used directly for revenue generation but it helps the firm indirectly to earn profits. Intangible assets are those assets of physical nature that cannot be measured in any units. Books of records are kept for the assets in the firm according to sum spent in their acquisition. Since, it is normally observed that the value of assets depreciate with the passage of time. The accounting objects apply impairment when the actual values of durable assets of the objects become less than their book value. Impairment account is created by the accounting entities to adjust with the market rate the assets book value (AASB 2012). Reduction in book value to match the actual value is done and the amount which is reduced is adjusted in the impairment account. The loss incurred during the adjustment is called Impairment Loss. There are various factors which are responsible for the changes in value of assets. Some factors are applicable to all the assets but some factors tend to reduce the value of some particular assets. The worth of equipment, machineries and tools depends on the production capacity and the usage of the machinery. The more machines are used for production, their capacity of production decreases with due course of time. Moreover, due to introduction of new machinery in production the old machines lose their high market value and after some time become obsolete (Hodgson and Russell 2014). But in the case of landed property, its value increases with the passage of time. Some factors may decrease its value such as shifting of public habitats, type of locality, growth of new cities and over population. Intellectual property also loses its value due to the advancement in technology or change in customers choice. By the acquisition of any firm, asset of goodwill is also created. Value of goodwi ll and that of acquired assets go hand in hand. In recent times, stakeholders are very keen and demanding to review the financial statements. Interest over the firm varies according to the nature and type of the stakeholder. Financial statements are analyzed from different point of views. Stakeholders interests are considered as a top priority by the accounting boards and the government. Therefore, it makes it even more important for the financial statements to reflect the true and fair values of liabilities and assets of the enlisted companies (Horngren and Tan 2012). A company may have bought machinery at a higher cost few years back and with time the cost of that machinery has depreciated to half due to the introduction of advanced machines. If the company shows the cost price of previous machines in the financial report, then it would reflect the over-valued rate. Thus fair and correct value of the companys assets and financial statements is not reflected (Deegan 2012). It would rather become a better choice for investment for the stakeholders in the company if the values of firms assets are enhanced. Therefore, the stakeholders will make the wrong choices as the firm shows over-valued assets and over-valued financial statements. To check this kind of wrong decision making, the accounting standard has presented the concept of impairment. Impairing of assets is now required whenever a financial statement is prepared within the framework and guidelines of accounting standards and government policies (Glaum and Vogel 2013). The impairment comes into play when recoverable amount of an asset becomes lower than the carrying amount. The amount which is recorded in the account books for an asset is called carrying amount (Hoskin and Cherry 2014). The amount signifies the sum at which the asset was purchased and the worth of asset after depreciation under specific depreciation methods. Assets have two types of recoverable amounts. For selection of fair value of the assets by way of recoverable amount after deduction of the expenses and costs that are anticipated to be suffered (Ji 2013). Value in use is another type of recoverable amount. The remaining cash flow projected to be produced in the future from the asset is known as value in use. As per the standard of IAS 36 the higher among the two values is selected if both values are available. Calculation of impairment loss is done by deducting the amount to be recoverable from any asset from the carrying amount according to standard of IAS 36. Loss of impairment is debited against the asset to decrease the book value of a specific asset and to continue the depreciated value in the form of accounting amount thereafter (Malone and Wee 2012). Profit and loss account adjusts the impairment loss. It is also settled in the income statement which shows as non-operating loss in the statement of income. Impairment loss account is credited in the Revaluation Surplus account if the latter account is maintained by the firm. This results in the decrease in shareholders equity value. Cash generating units are the group of assets that also include the goodwill, created from acquisition of those specific assets. In these assets adjustment of impairment loss does not happen as it can be observed from the above discussion (Cotter and Wee 2012). If there is a requirement that the entire value of the combined CGU units needs impairment, the loss incurred after the impairment is calculated on the basis of above method. Since, the impairment is adjusted principally with the Goodwill account. When the adjustment with the Goodwill account is done and still the balance remains for settlement then the assets of CGU is used in proportion on the basis of the book value of the assets. The Goodwill account is also a key factor when it comes to impairment account settlement. Part B Source: (Created by Author) Workings: Source: (Created by Author) Reference Bibliography AASB, C.A.S., 2012. Financial Instruments. Cotter, J., Tarca, A. and Wee, M., 2012. IFRS adoption and analysts earnings forecasts: Australian evidence.Accounting Finance,52(2), pp.395-419. Deegan, C., 2012.Australian financial accounting. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Glaum, M., Schmidt, P., Street, D.L. and Vogel, S., 2013. Compliance with IFRS 3-and IAS 36-required disclosures across 17 European countries: company-and country-level determinants.Accounting and business research,43(3), pp.163-204. Guthrie, J. and Pang, T.T., 2013. Disclosure of Goodwill Impairment under AASB 136 from 20052010.Australian Accounting Review,23(3), pp.216-231. Hodgson, A. and Russell, M., 2014. Comprehending comprehensive income.Australian Accounting Review,24(2), pp.100-110. Horngren, C., Harrison, W., Oliver, S., Best, P., Fraser, D. and Tan, R., 2012.Financial Accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU. Hoskin, R.E., Fizzell, M.R. and Cherry, D.C., 2014.Financial accounting: a user perspective. Wiley Global Education. Ji, K., 2013. Better Late than Never, the Timing of Goodwill Impairment Testing in Australia.Australian Accounting Review,23(4), pp.369-379. Malone, L., Tarca, A. and Wee, M., 2012.IFRS and Pro Forma Earnings Disclosures: Determinants and Consequences. Working Paper, available at: www. business. uq. edu. au/sites/default/files/event/supportingDocs/anne-tarca-paper. pdf (accessed 5 July 2013).

Innovation and Strategies Organizational Growth †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Innovation and Strategies for Organizational Growth. Answer: Introduction The change that is being undertaken by the organizations is based on the sustainability of the organization in the market. The major aspects of the change are based on the innovation that is being undertaken by the companies in order to adhere to the change in the demands and the preferences of the customers. On the other hand, the innovation that is being undertaken by the organizations helps the same in gaining over the competitive advantage of the same in the market. The concerned company for this report, Apple inc. has taken steps to maintain their brand name through the innovation that is being undertaken by the same in the market. it has helped the organization in bringing in continuous improvements in the structure and the functioning. The main purpose of the report is to review and analyze the article by Stefan Thomke and Barbara Feinberg, named Design Thinking and Innovation at Apple. It will be helping in the proper understanding of the manner in which the organization has gained its repute though continuous innovation and planned strategies. According to Thomke and Feinberg (2012), in the year 2012, the launch of the iPad, which resulted to the growth of the market share price of the organization as it reached US$ 600 billion. It has helped the organization in determining the improvements in the financial strengths of the organization in the market, a signal of their growth and expansion based on the needs of the people. Thomke and Feinberg (2012), stated that the market capitalization of the company is estimated to be US$ 550 billion with an annual sale of US$ 100 billion. It has resulted to the growth of the organization in the market. The company has retained its market value since its inception. According to a report, the present market capitalization of the organization has increased to $911.906 billion, which is significantly more than that of Alphabet Inc., which is worth $787.884 billion (Johnson et al., 2018). The major aspects of the growth of the organization are based on the innovation and the sustainability of the same in the market. The continuous innovation process of the organization and the strategies has helped in the sustenance and the expansion of its business all around the world. The innovation and the strategies that are being undertaken by the management of the organization have helped in determining the different aspects of the change in the structure and the functioning. The continuous innovation that is being undertaken by the organization and the Platform strategy has helped in determining the growth and the sustainability of the organization in the world market. As stated by Thomke and Feinberg (2012), the Platform strategy makes an effort of making the operations and the strategies that are being implemented and organized by the company is made confidential. The strategies are not disclosed to the public, which helps the organization in retaining their magic of excellence in the markets. On the other hand, the simplicity of their operations and the proper execution of the strategies have helped the organization in holding on to the continuous improvement efforts undertaken by the same in the market. The innovation approach of Apple and the competitive advantage The determination of the needs of the customers all around the world has helped Apple in undertaking the required modification sin their systems. The proper understanding of the needs of the people has helped the company in undertaking innovations on their products and the services. The development of the products and the modifications in the systems and the configuration is being undertaken by the organization with their effort of bringing in innovation through the determination of the needs of the people. Thomke and Feinberg (2012), in the article Design Thinking and Innovation at Apple stated that excellence in the execution of the processes and the innovation minded people that filled the company with maximum knowledge resource that has helped the same in undertaking the change in the systems and the functioning. The innovation that is being undertaken by the organization has helped the same in gaining a competitive advantage in the market. The business market was occupied with Windows and Intel (Wintel) at the time when Apple was struggling for its market position through continuous innovation. The innovation has helped the organization in gaining over the market through the proper identification of the needs of the consumers. Thomke and Feinberg (2012), stated that the user-friendly interface and the simple functioning is one of the major feature that supported the growth of the organization in the market. The people working in the organization are qualified engineers and scientists that has helped in the quick progression of the organization in the market scenario. Thomke and Feinberg (2012), stated that the growth of the organization is based on the innovation that is being undertaken by the same in order to meet the needs of the customers. However, Johnson et al. (2018) stated that the company prioritizes the Protective Strategy where the organization has taken steps to introduce similar products for maintaining their market position other than focusing more on innovation. Therefore, it can be stated that the organization has taken steps to balance the aspects of the innovation and retention in the markets, which has helped the organization in its growth and expansion in the market. Culture of the company that supports people to undertake the innovation The corporate culture of the organization has helped and supported the employees to undertake continuous innovation in the processes. According to Thomke and Feinberg (2012), the major aspects of the change that is being undertaken by the organization is based on the change in the preferences and the requirements of the customers. Therefore, it can be stated that the identification of the various elements of innovation is supported by the organization culture as it has every provision of undertaking the innovations. Steve Jobs played an important role in determining the progress of the organization while undertaking the different aspects if the change in the systems and the marketing of the products in the market. According to Thomke and Feinberg (2012), Jobs has brought about the change in the structure and the functioning of the organization. On the other hand, he acted as a boosting agent in the year 1997, which has helped in improving the market position of the organization through the enumeration of the chief competitors of the organization and the different aspects of the change that is required to be undertaken by the organization to sustain its market position. According to Steve Jobs, the proper design that could be given to the apparatus should be based on the simplicity as it is taken as the absolute form of sophistication. Jobs explained, The system is that there is no system . However, he never meant his company to be chaotic in nature but he wanted to emphasize more on innovation and less on the effectiveness of the processes that are being undertaken by the organization. Innovation comes from the simple ideas of the people who work in the company, with and for the company. According to Thomke and Feinberg (2012), the innovations that are being undertaken by the organization is beyond the fashion and the trend that is followed by the market and which is characterized by simplicity. Therefore, this strategy of Apple has helped the company in gaining over a competitive advantage in the market. References Johnson, K., Li, Y., Phan, H., Singer, J., Trinh, H. (2018).Mds.marshall.edu. Retrieved 27 March 2018, from https://mds.marshall.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1420context=etd Thomke, S. H., Feinberg, B. (2012).Design thinking and innovation at Apple. Harvard Business School Publishing.

To kill a mocking bird. Admirable qualities of Atticus Finch Essay Example

To kill a mocking bird. Admirable qualities of Atticus Finch Paper This story has all the qualities of a great fiction novel. That is why the novel is so famous fifty four years later. When I read this story, I got lost in the intricate plot, and remained entertained through Gem, Dill, and Scouts adventures, all the way to the heart wrenching ending. Like many books, this novel contains a unique cast of admirable characters who demonstrate a variety of likable qualities. Tactics Finch, one of the mall characters, exhibits many honorable traits that any reader would appreciate. In Harper Lees To Kill a Mocking Bird Tactics illustrates the qualities of being humble, intelligent, and ultimately courageous. Firstly, Tactics is a very humble man. He doesnt let pride get the best of him, and he always pushes to do the right thing. An example of his humbleness is when he allows Walter Cunningham, a little boy who is a poor farm child, into his home for dinner one evening. The thought of having a poor farm boy Into a wealthy, successful lawyers home In todays world Just doesnt happen. But Tactics TLD care about how much money someone had or the type of clothes they had on their back: anyone was welcome into his home. Scout, Tactics daughter didnt think the same. She said, He into company, Tactics, hes Just a Cunningham. California, Tactics house maid, knew that Tactics allowed anyone into their home and replied, Hush your mouth! Dont matter who they are, anybody sets foot in this house you company and dont let me catch you remarking on their ways like you was so high and mighty (Lee 33). We will write a custom essay sample on To kill a mocking bird. Admirable qualities of Atticus Finch specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on To kill a mocking bird. Admirable qualities of Atticus Finch specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on To kill a mocking bird. Admirable qualities of Atticus Finch specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It Is evident that Tactics had his home pen to anyone and you can tell that he teaches his children the same. And doesnt want them to think they are better than anyone else. When necessary his house maid, California, has to remind them every so often of their fathers rules Another example is that, Tactics is highly intelligent. Not only is he book smart, but he is very street smart, too. Tactics is a lawyer, so he knows the law, and being a lawyer takes a lot of knowledge. In the book it says, Tactics Finch went to Montgomery to read law. (Lee 5) So he knew all the rules and regulations federally and In state. Also, being a lifelong citizen, everyone knew Tactics and he knew everyone, he knew his neighbors and how they felt about certain situations. For example, when Tom Robinson was at the Jail house, Tactics suspected that something fishy might go down. So Tactics spent that night at watch, protecting Tom Robinson. And Just as he suspected, all the towns men came late that night to try and hurt Tom Robinson, but Tactics was there to stop him. This makes It safe to say Tactics Intelligence and gut feeling saved Tom Robinsons life, Lastly, Tactics Is a very courageous man. One example is he is a single parent raising two children, has a steady job, and keep up his household. Another example, which is the main subject in the story is that, Tactics defended Tom Robinson, a young black man accused of a sexually heinous crime; raping a white woman. During that time, if a black person was accused of something, they were automatically guilty. But Tactics believed that Tom was wanted a fair case. He didnt care about what anyone said, or how they felt about him. He knew it was his Job and duty to do the right thing, even if it had uniqueness. For that reason, Tactics is found to be very courageous for wanting to do the right thing even when the outcome may have been inevitable. In conclusion, there are many reasons why Tactics Finch is a likeable character in To Kill a Mocking Bird. Ultimately, him being humble, intelligent, and courageous makes him admirable. In particular these traits teach people important values that all mankind should exhibit and strive to live life with. Lees novel is definitely a novel whose admirable characters leave a lasting impression on all of its readers.

Tools of the Old and New Stone Age essays

Tools of the Old and New Stone Age essays Tools of the Old and New Stone Age is a book written by Jacques Bordaz, the Associate Professor of Anthropology at the University of Montreal. The book generally concerns itself with the uses of ancient tools, as well as the manufacturing of these tools. The book is full of information, almost to a point were the reader will feel bogged down with facts as they read. Very early people who studied the tools, of the Stone Age, first had the bizarre belief that these tools were created by lightning strikes. Many claimed they found such tools at exact locations were lightning did strike. The tools became known as Thunderstones. Later, early scholars renamed them ceraunias from the Greek word, keraunos, meaning thunderbolt. Of course new evidence has all but vanquished these beliefs. The period of time this book is concerned with is the, what geologists call the Quaternary period. It is broken down into the Pleistocene, and Holocene. Archaeologists classify these periods into the Paleolithic (Old Stone Age), Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age), and the Neolithic (New Stone Age). The main focus being on the Paleolithic is again broken down into lower, middle, and upper periods. Each one of these divisions is characterized by major types of tool-flaking techniques. The tools of the Stone Age consisted of not just stone, but also bone, antler, and wood. Bone and antler were a harder material to work with; they often did not use much detail when shaping tools out of these materials. They were generally roughly shaped, or often times, there was no modification used, especially with sharp-pointed antlers, which made great weapons. The first ability for man to actually construct tools looks at Bipedalism, which is the ability to walk upright. This freed the upper limbs from the work of locomotion, leaving only the lower limbs for this. With the ability to walk on solely the lower limbs, it left the up...

BHS412 - Module 5 Case - Disaster Relief - Ethical Issues Related to Essay

BHS412 - Module 5 Case - Disaster Relief - Ethical Issues Related to Relief Operations - Essay Example This is due to the fact that there is confusion whether NGOs really do act independently from governments, which is not the case, for NGOs need assistance from government (National Response Framework, 2008). It is well-noted how the US government refused help in several instances (Shah, 2005), thus the NGO’s failure to fully act their Code of Conduct may be blamed to the government’s mismanagement in handling the aftermaths of the hurricane. Do you believe that gender issues, especially the needs of women are adequately addressed in disaster relief plans? Identify a specific gender issues that you believe should always be considered in the aftermath of a disaster In most disaster relief plans, gender issues are adequately addressed in disaster relief plans. An example of which is the Pan American Health Organization’s consideration of women as vulnerable population in natural disasters stated in its Fact Sheet. The most important gender issue that should always b e put into consideration in natural disaster aftermaths is the role of women in disaster response.

Policy, politics and public management-A look at the impacts of ethics Essay

Policy, politics and public management-A look at the impacts of ethics in public policy on real estate - Essay Example The Attorney General Office’s Division on Civil Rights was responsible for the introduction, promotion, and enforcement of the State Law Against Discrimination. This law provides for equal housing opportunity regardless of â€Å"a persons race, creed, color, national origin, nationality, ancestry, marital status, domestic partnership status, familial status, affectional or sexual orientation, sex, or mental and physical disability, including AIDS and HIV-related illness.† (http://www.state.nj.us/oag/dcr/housing.html) The law, while it does not prevent discrimination on the basis of age, does prevent discrimination of families with children. The sole exception being residences that are specifically established for occupancy by the elderly. There are also groups like the New Jersey Housing and Mortgage Finance Company that put time and money into educating the residents of New Jersey about the Federal Low Income Housing Tax Credit, a program that assists financially needy families and individuals in locating housing and giving them a helping hand when it comes to buying property. Also active is the Council on Affordable Housing, a part of New Jersey’s Department of Community Affairs. The combined efforts of these groups and others like them have aided in making the New Jersey Real Estate market accessible for every person. The government, through it’s own initiative and through the lobbying of independent special interest groups has ensured that every person, regardless of distinguishing characteristics, will have the opportunity to afford a place to live and raise a family. It wasn’t always this way, however. In order to better grasp the impact that these groups have had on the real estate market in New Jersey, and in the rest of the country as well, it would be wise to examine the state of affairs prior to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Prior to that piece of legislation a business owner had the right to refuse service to

Understanding Fatigue and the Implications for Worker Safety

Understanding Fatigue and the Implications for Worker Safety Introduction Workplace safety requires a systematic approach that includes an understanding of risk factors and identification of hazards. Worker fatigue has been identified as a risk factor for both acute and cumulative injuries. Fatigue and incomplete recovery can lead to decreased capacity that can result in an increased risk of injury and a decline in work efficiency (Kumar 2001, de Looze, Bosch, and van Dieà «n 2009, Visser and van Dieà «n 2006). In addition, fatigue contributes to accidents, injuries and death (Williamson et al. 2011). Over $300 million in lost productivity time in US workplaces can be tied to fatigue. Significantly reducing the incidence of fatigue-induced workplace injuries and lost productivity depends on the accurate and timely detection of fatigue to allow for appropriate intervention. Although the term fatigue is commonly used, it has come to refer to many concepts in occupational safety and health. In order to manage and mitigate fatigue and the associated risks, it is essential to understand the different types and components. Fatigue is generally accepted as resulting in the impairment of capacity or performance as a result of work. However, fatigue is multidimensional, either acute or chronic, whole body or muscle level, physical or mental, central or peripheral. In addition, it includes a decline in objective performance, as well as perceptions of fatigue. Of added importance are the roles of sleep and circadian function. Each of these aspects of fatigue do not occur in isolation, but interact to modify worker capacity and injury risk. Both mental and physical fatigue can result in poor decision making, which may result in an acute injury (Williamson et al. 2011). The risk of injury is dependent on both the injury mechanism and the characteristics of the work being performed. Parameters of importance in the development of fatigue, and subsequent risk, include the length of time-on-task between breaks, work pace, and the timing of rest breaks (Williamson et al. 2011). Researchers have postulated that through delineation of the quantitative details of relevant variables, appropriate interventions and injury control can be developed (Kumar 2001). How to best quantify workplace conditions, particularly physical exposures experienced by the worker, remains an open research question (Kim and Nussbaum 2012). Current approaches to fatigue monitoring and detection often rely either on fitness-for-duty tests to determine whether the worker has sufficient capacity prior to start work, monitoring of sleep habits, or intrusive monitoring of brain activation (using electroencephalography (EEG)) (Balkin et al. 2011) or changes in local muscle fatigue (using electromyography (EMG)) (Dong, Ugaldey, and El Saddik 2014). While there is no single standard measurement of fatigue, there are numerous subjective measurement scales and objective measurement techniques that can be adapted for workplace use. Recent advances in wearable technologies also present an opportun ity for real-time and in-the-field assessment of fatigue development. Why should we care about fatigue? Fatigue in the workplace is often described as a multidimensional process, which results in a diminishing of worker performance. It results from prolonged activity, and is associated with psychological, socioeconomic and environmental factors (Barker and Nussbaum 2011, Yung 2016). From an occupational health and safety perspective, fatigue must be managed and controlled since it has significant short-term and long-term implications. In the short-term, fatigue can result in discomfort, diminished motor control, and reduced strength capacity (Bjà ¶rklund et al. 2000, Cà ´tà © et al. 2005, Huysmans et al. 2010). These effects might lead to reduced performance, lowered productivity, deficits in work quality, and increased incidence of accidents and human errors (Yung 2016). Fatigue can also result in longer term adverse health outcomes, including, e.g., chronic fatigue syndrome (Yung 2016) and reduced immune function (Kajimoto 2008). It can be seen as a precursor to work-related muscu loskeletal disorders (WMSDs) (Iridiastadi and Nussbaum 2006). These outcomes have been associated with future morbidity and mortality, work disability, occupational accidents, increased absenteeism, increased presenteeism, unemployment, reduced quality of life, and disruptive effects on social relationships and activities (Yung 2016). The safety impacts of fatigue are best evidenced in the transportation domain. In the U.S., an estimated 32,675 people died in motor vehicle crashes in 2014 (2015a). In 2013 there were 342,000 reported truck crashes that resulted in 3,964 fatalities and ~95,000 injuries (2015b). While these crashes often result from several factors, it is estimated that driver-related factors are the leading cause for 75-90% of fatal/injury-inducing crashes (Craye et al. 2015, Stanton and Salmon 2009, Medina et al. 2004, Lal and Craig 2001). The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) estimates that about 20% of all crashes are fatigue-related (Strohl et al. 1998) and 60% of fatal truck crashes can be attributed to the driver falling asleep while driving (Craye et al. 2015). Drowsy driving increases crash risk by 600% over normal driving (Klauer et al. 2006). For many years, a succinct definition of fatigue has been sought after (Aaronson et al. 1999). In our estimation, there is no simple and standard definition for fatigue. For example, our statement above: Fatigue in the workplace is often described as a multidimensional process, which results in a diminishing of worker performance, while true, is not sufficient to describe fatigue, since there are many other conditions that may result in a diminished workers performance (e.g., motivation). Perhaps, more importantly, there are several other factors that impact our ability to determine one standard definition: Workplace fatigue development mechanisms differ significantly according to the occupation type. For example, in manufacturing, the focus is typically on physical/muscle fatigue or related to the shift schedule, and in transportation drowsiness and sleepiness are often the root-causes for driver fatigue. Given the complexity of the human body, a single mechanism unlikely explains fatigue under all conditions, even for a single task and fatigue type (i.e. muscle fatigue) (Weir et al. 2006). No one definition can explain the complex interactions between biological processes, behavior, and psychological phenomena (Aaronson et al. 1999). It is unlikely that a single theory can be used to explain all observations of performance deterioration (Weir et al. 2006). Thus, we cannot provide a single definition of fatigue in this paper. Instead we refer the reader to Yung (2016, p.14) for a summary of multiple example fatigue definitions from various domains. Measuring and Quantifying Fatigue In this section, we divide how fatigue is measured according to cognitive and physical functions respectively. Talk about PVT and reaction time as the main standards for sleep-related fatigue There are several important cognitive characteristics that are typically assed in the context of fatigue. These include: a) arousal, b) alertness/ attention, c) cognitive control, d) motivation, and e) stress. Arousal is commonly measured in transportation safety studies since it aims at assessing sleep deprivation, an important root-cause for trucking crashes (especially at night) (Philip et al. 2005, Strohl et al. 1998). Measures of arousal include heart rate, electrodermal response (EDR), pupil dilation and self-report questionnaires (Yung 2016). Alertness and attention are important in translating sensory and work-related inputs into actionable items. They can be measured using gaze direction, EEG, validated scales, and questionnaires. The third characteristic, cognitive control, has to do with the time taken to process information, and thus, reaction time is perhaps the most commonly used measure for evaluating it. The fourth characteristic is perhaps the hardest to measure sinc e motivation cannot be assessed except through questionnaires and validated scales. Stress can be assessed through a number of measures which include heart rate variability, blood pressure and body postures (Yung 2016). The reader should note that the measures for quantifying mental fatigue include intrusive monitoring systems (e.g. EEG and blood pressure monitoring systems), non-intrusive measures (camera systems to detect gaze direction), and somewhat subjective measures (questionnaires and scales). Table 1 provides a summary of physiological and physical indicators of fatigue. Table 1: Typical Physiological and Physical Indicators of Fatigue Development Measurement Direction of Change with Fatigue Heart rate Increases with physical fatigue Heart rate variability Decreases with mental fatigue (for root-mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD)) Increased Low Frequency / High Frequency (LF/HF) power ratio Electromyography Decrease in mean power frequency Increase in root mean square amplitude Strength Decrease in maximum exertion Tremor Increase in physiological and postural tremor Pupil dilation Increases with mental fatigue and drowsiness Blink rate Increased percentage eyelid closure over the pupil, over time (PERCLOS) Reaction time Increased reaction time and lapses (using psychomotor vigilance task (PVT)) Performance Increase in errors and task completion time Force variability Increase in variability with physical fatigue Subjective assessment Increase in ratings of discomfort and fatigue On the physical side, electromyography is one of the most commonly used evaluation tools for muscle fatigue in a laboratory setting. The gold standard is to detect cellular and metabolic changes through blood sampling techniques (Garde, Hansen, and Jensen 2003). Since these approaches are intrusive, some researchers attempt to detect symptoms of physical fatigue. These symptoms include an impairment in postural control (Davidson, Madigan, and Nussbaum 2004), increased sway (Davidson, Madigan, and Nussbaum 2004), and joint angle variability (Madigan, Davidson, and Nussbaum 2006). Additional symptoms include an increase in exerted force variability (Svendson et al. 2010) and increased tremor (Lippold 1981). Note that these symptoms can be observed through the use of check sheets, visual inspection (manual and/or through cameras), and self-reported questionnaires among other tools. In our estimation, most methods described above are of limited use in practice since they are either invasive (and will be resisted by individuals/unions) or rely on visual inspection performed by an observer. Perhaps, more importantly, each observational and measurement technique also focuses primarily on one main risk factor, such as posture or force, or a combined set of factors but for a repetitive task, such as the NIOSH work practices guide (Waters et al. 1993). This fails to capture the interactive nature of many fatigue precursors as well as the variability of the work performed. In addition, these methods do not take into account the characteristics of the individual, beyond general anthropometric and demographic attributes, such as height and age. One important consideration is that the application of these methods in field studies and practice have also been limited by the question: can we detect if fatigue (or its symptoms) has occurred? Note that this question is binary with a yes/no answer. However, it is well understood that fatigue is a process that occurs as a function of loading, time and exertion and is not an end point. From a safety perspective, a more interesting question is: Can we predict when fatigue will occur for a given worker based on their schedule, environment and job tasks? If this can be done, then fatigue management will progress from a reactive state (equivalent of the personal protective equipment state in traditional hazard control theory) to higher/safer levels of engineering controls, substitution and/or perhaps elimination through modeling and scheduling. The increasing availability of pervasive sensing technologies, including wearable devices, combined with the digitization of health information has the potential to provide the necessary monitoring, recording, and communication of individuals physical and environmental exposures to address this question (Kim and Nussbaum 2012, Vignais et al. 2013). In the following section, we describe some of the research and commercially available products that are used for predicting/monitoring fatigue development. Predicting Fatigue Development Models for fatigue development are not new, but the existing models are often incomplete. Models for predicting/understanding how humans fatigue have received significant attention over the past few decades in the fields of aviation, driving, mining, and professional athletics. In the transportation areas (i.e. aviation and driving), the models originated from efforts to model the underlying relationships between sleep regulation and circadian dynamics (Dinges 2004). Dinges (2004) present a survey of the biomathematical models used in this area. There are also some surveys on driver fatigue detection models, see e.g. Wang et al. (2006). However, based on our interactions with one of the larger trucking companies in the U.S., these models do not offer answers to the following question: Given the massive data collected on each truck that include indirect indicators of fatigue, e.g. lane departures and hard brakes, and individual characteristics of each driver, can we predict how each driver will fatigue for a given assignment, traffic condition and weather profile? With the advent of big data, this is the direction that is needed for fatigue development in the trucking industry. One can make parallels for aviation and military applications. In mining, there are commercially available products that claim to predict fatigue among mine workers. The authors did not have the chance to test these products and thus, we cannot verify/validate these claims. However, if true, this system will be a significant contribution to mining safety. Based on the above discussion, there are several important observations to be made. First, there has not been much independent research verifying the claims made for any commercial products. Thus, practitioners should use them with caution and in tandem with their current safety methods. Second, there have been only limited attempts to perform inter-disciplinary research in fatigue development. Thus, the current approaches are domain-dependent and are often incomplete since they consider only a few precursors. There needs to be a systematic move towards utilizing big data analytics as a mechanism to harness the massive amounts of data that is being captured on our equipment, workers, etc. The research challenge is to ensure that we are asking the right questions prior to considering what the technology can (or cannot) provide. Third, it is somewhat inexplicable that the manufacturing safety community is significantly behind other safety domains. We believe that there is a significant opportunity for both researchers and practitioners in examining how other disciplines are managing fatigue. General Strategies for Fatigue Management and Mitigation There are several somewhat recent publications that detail how to manage physical and/or mental fatigue indicators (Hartley and Commission 2000, Caldwell, Caldwell, and Schmidt 2008, Williamson et al. 2011, Williamson and Friswell 2013). These studies have presented the typical hazard control recommendations, which include administrative and engineering controls that can reduce/mitigate the development of fatigue. Practitioners should also consult the documentation from Transport Canada on Developing and Implementing a Fatigue Risk Management System (https://www.tc.gc.ca/media/documents/ca-standards/14575e.pdf). Typical interventions include: rest (for physical fatigue), sleep (for alertness), modified work-rest schedules, and limits on the cumulative hours worked in a week (or shift changes). While these strategies are effective for population averages/overall, they do not address the weakest link in the workforce (i.e. those most likely to fatigue and/or get injured). We see much w ork needed in this area. Concluding Remarks In this paper, we have provided an overview of some of the current issues in fatigue detection/ management research and practice. Based on our review of the literature, we offer the following advice to safety professionals: Transportation Safety Professionals: There is a significant body of research that highlights the impact of lack of sleep (e.g. from sleep apnea and/or scheduling), night driving, weather (e.g. cloudy or rainy), and work-rest schedules on fatigue development. In general, less sleep, night driving, bad weather and frequent changes in the work-rest schedule are more detrimental to transportation safety. To mitigate these risks, the routing/scheduling can be modified to alleviate some of these precursors. In addition, wearable sensors and on-vehicle systems (e.g. lane departure and hard brake detection sensors) can provide real-time indicators of fatigue development in driving. The data from these sensors can be used through simple dashboards that provide the dispatcher with information on which drivers are at risk. The dispatcher can then force these drivers to rest if fatigued (and sleep in-cabin at a truck stop if necessary) since a short break/nap can help mitigate these effects. Manufacturing Safety Professionals: Fatigue has been shown to be a precursor to risky behaviors and long-term injuries. It is also associated with a diminished performance and, therefore, can result in significant quality problems. Based on our discussion with several safety managers from large automotive companies, we have learned that it is often easier to sell safety projects to upper management when it is combined with quality improvement initiatives. The rationale is simple to management since they can see a return on investment (ROI) on these projects when compared to a softer objective (reducing/eliminating the probability of a safety problem that has not occurred before). In addition, we challenge practitioners to categorize their at-risk populations (e.g. unexperienced workers, obese and/or elder workers, etc.). These workers cannot be modeled by existing ergonomics and safety models that consider an average worker. Thus, a dashboard and sensors that monitor their absenteeis m, quality of their work and/or complaints can be used to trigger appropriate interventions. Mining Safety Researchers: The technology with fatigue monitoring (and more general safety) in mining has evolved significantly over the past decade. There are several commercial products that allow for active monitoring, scheduling, and equipment safety checks. To our knowledge, at least one major equipment manufacturer has released a safety systems suite that incorporates all these data sources to present a clear picture of a workers fatigue and distraction risk. We did not test the validity of these claims and therefore, we ask safety practitioners to ask for system demos and ensure that this particular system meets their needs. A word of caution: fatigue detection systems do not mitigate and/or eliminate fatigue. In addition, we urge safety professionals to embrace the role of technology and its potential to redefine safety from a one system fits all to an individualized approach. 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